| Author |
Lakshmi Gopalkrishnan |
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| Date |
July 15, 1998 |
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| Media |
Slate.com |
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| Link |
http://www.slate.msn.com/id/3074/ |
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Broken Mainspring |
If you're in the market, Haruki Murakami's The Wind-Up Bird
Chronicle will teach you how to 1) kill with a bayonet (thrust
deep under ribs, drag in slow, deep circle to scramble organs);
2) skin a man alive (slit skin at shoulder, peel slowly down
right arm); and 3) eliminate a zoo full of carnivores (four
snipers per tiger best). It will steep you in the bizarre lives
and roles of 30ish Toru Okada, an out-of-work law clerk, bent-tip-tailed-cat
owner, house husband, toupee researcher, well dweller, and prostitute.
It will titillate you with red-hatted mind readers and sexy
phone calls, oozing pols and hot dreams, ill-omened houses and
unwaveringly plastic characters named Nutmeg and Cinnamon. Hanging
over the overwrought whole are an overcast sky and an elusive
"wind-up" bird--so named for its creeeak, creeeak
song, which nauseates and dooms the select few who hear it.
Stripped of their powers of volition, they become "no more
than dolls set on tabletops, the springs in their backs wound
up tight, dolls set to move in ways they could not choose, moving
in directions they could not choose, ... most of them died,
plunging over the edge of the table." |
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How dystopian is Murakami's Japan, how sterile and subwayesque.
Not for him the cherry-blossom viewings and golden pavilions
of Yukio Mishima, the monarchist who disemboweled himself in
1970. No nostalgic ramblings, only details that overrun the
canvas and add up to nothing. A best-selling author in his country,
Murakami's most recent work before Wind-Up was Underground,
a mammoth exploration of the Aum Shinrikyo cult's sarin gas
attacks on the Tokyo subway. Away at Princeton when they occurred,
he returned to examine Japan's fascination with the cult and
its tubby, half-blind leader. Underground describes a nation
bored and isolated by its successes and its failures alike.
Wind-Up fictionalizes that world--but barely, and to less effect.
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Rootless and lonely, Toru Okada plods across his strenuously
postmodern space. Until, that is, his spaghetti-cooking, Rossini-humming
contentment is dissolved by the sudden departure of first his
cat and then his wife of six years. Noburu Wataya (the cat)
returns about halfway through the novel; of Kumiko, the wife,
one is less sure. She works at a health magazine, whose strange
hours screen her infidelities from an improbably credulous spouse.
Leaving as if for work one morning, she does not return. She
picks up her dry cleaning the following day, however, and eventually
writes him a letter, in which she recounts earth-shattering
orgasms with other men: "I'm sorry to have to tell you
this, but the fact is that I was never able to have true sexual
pleasure with you."
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Toru's life disintegrates following Kumiko's departure. Obsessed
with finding her, he takes off on a cinematic odyssey that collapses
time and space. Murakami lays several plot lines and, both consummate
miniaturist and committed pessimist, appears to develop each
carefully while keeping the mix unstable. And so the pressure
builds. Toru reaches out to a pair of allegedly clairvoyant
sisters (as it turns out, to little result beyond a few crepuscular
couplings that may or may not be real). He meets a veteran whose
wartime experiences allow Murakami to play anti-imperialist.
Toru's conversations with the lieutenant yield an enduring image:
a dry well, whose dark silences facilitate thought and force
people to confront their demons. Toru's suburban alley offers
convenient access to such a well, and into its clichéd
dankness he descends ("my body began to lose its density
and weight, ... my mind was dragging my body into its own territory").
It is the perfect birth canal, a magical anti-environment that
both suspends and exaggerates all sensation. For Murakami's
reader, it conjures up the excitement and terror, the white
hots and the blue colds, of childhood treks through a storm
sewer system. For Toru, who is drawn back to it repeatedly,
it is simultaneously prison and release. It makes him face his
deepest fears (which puddle up in a stigmatic stain on his right
cheek), then allows him osmotic and healing passage to other
worlds and narratives. Mysteriously transported from the well
to a mysterious Room 208 in a Tokyo hotel, he taps into a labyrinth
of stories that eventually reconnects him with humanity.
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Murakami's fiction before Wind-Up was less ambitious in scale
and makes a compelling case for his return to a smaller canvas.
He is a good reporter, well read, well traveled, and keen-eyed.
All this makes for good documentary and great short stories:
His book about the cult sticks with the conventions of storytelling
and delivers emotion, analysis, and narrative; the many-splendored
tales that interpolate Toru's story find Murakami at his most
engaging. Each plot is painstakingly tooled, generates momentum,
and invites you to share.
But look at the whole, and Wind-Up confirms the Norman Mailer
principle: The birth of a great journalist is often paralleled
by the death of a novelist. Murakami lets the narrative lines,
so carefully laid, snap; you're suspended midair, your tender
attentions scattered to the winds. You gulp, tell yourself
you can transcend the Aristotelian unities, and would move
on if Murakami allowed you to. But he does not. In what is
either a belated acknowledgment of your investment--and his
own--or, less likely, a more directly subversive move, he
starts reeling in the lines about 100 pages from the end.
The obvious is manfully recapped, the bows tied in tweet,
tidy trills. "Cinnamon's grandfather, the nameless veterinarian,
and I had a number of unusual things in common--a mark on
the face, a baseball bat, the cry of the wind-up bird. And
then there was the lieutenant who appeared in Cinnamon's story:
he reminded me of Lieutenant Mamiya [the war veteran]."
And shortly thereafter, "Everything was intertwined,
with the complexity of a three-dimensional puzzle--a puzzle
in which truth was not necessarily fact and fact not necessarily
truth."
Back in Room 208 a few pages before the novel's conclusion,
Toru encounters a woman on the bed. Ping, goes the call button
in his head: "I think you are Kumiko. Because then all
kinds of story lines work out." I'm tempted to give Murakami
the benefit of the doubt--to say, even, that his pat machinations
force his readers into his crowd of wound-up dolls (of whom
most died, remember, "plunging over the edge of the table").
But I'll settle for this: Murakami's story ran away with him.
Too little too late, his impulse to tidy resolution testifies
more to his discomfort with an expanded canvas than to his
plug-and-socket skills.
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| Link |
http://www.slate.msn.com/id/3074/ |
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| Author |
Laura Miller |
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| Date |
November 24, 1997 |
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| Media |
Salon.com |
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| Link |
http://www.salon.com/books/sneaks
/1997/11/24review.html |
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For a guy who rarely leaves his own block, Toru Okada, the decent,
if hapless, hero of Haruki Murakami's new novel, "The Wind-Up
Bird Chronicle," has a lot of adventures. At the book's
beginning, he's left his job as a paralegal and spends his days
reading and cooking dinner for his magazine editor wife. First,
an obscene phone call from a woman who seems to know him awfully
well disrupts his sleepy routine.
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Then he meets Malta Kano,
an enigmatic psychic who's supposedly searching for his lost
cat; her sister, Creta, who dresses like Jackie Kennedy and
relates a life history of overwhelming physical pain, attempted
suicide, prostitution and a traumatic encounter with Toru's
sinister brother-in-law, Noboru Wataya; Lt. Mamiya, a WWII vet
who tells him of the atrocities he witnessed on the Mongolian
front and Soviet prison camps; and, eventually, an extremely
well-dressed mother-son duo who introduce him to an unusual
way of making lots of cash. When he needs a break, he pals around
with the 16-year-old girl who lives down the street -- or mulls
things over while sitting at the bottom of a dry well behind
a vacant house.
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Murakami is that unusual creature, a metaphysical novelist with
a warm, down-to-earth voice and a knack for creating credible
characters and spinning a lively yarn. Best known in this country
for his 1989 novel "A Wild Sheep Chase," Murakami
leavens the arresting philosophical symbolism of modern Japanese
fiction with a goofy sensibility shaped by American pop culture
-- he's like Paul Auster with a heart and a sense of humor.
From the beginning, "The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle" has
the easy authority of the work of a natural-born storyteller,
and each eccentric character and odd development only adds to
the anticipation that Murakami will tie it all up in a satisfying
resolution. |
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He expertly twines themes of suffering and inner emptiness with
Toru's covert battle against the evil Noboru Wataya, an economic
pundit of slippery charisma. Profoundly vacant, Wataya realizes
that "consistency and an established worldview were excess
baggage in the intellectual mobile warfare that flared up in
the mass media's tiny time segments." He parlays this cunning
into a political career, of course. Wataya is the precise opposite
of the humble Toru, and at first this appears to be the sole
source of their antipathy.
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The first 600 pages of "The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle"
offer much unadulterated reading pleasure, and it's only as
the remaining pages grow ominously sparse that the proverbial
sinking feeling sets in. Even if he does provide for Toru, Murakami
can't, in the end, gather all his novel's intriguing subplots
and mysterious minor characters together convincingly, and he
summarily drops whole handfuls of loose ends. Like the mark
in a brilliant con game, I closed "The Wind-up Bird Chronicle"
feeling somewhat bereft, but still so dazzled by Murakami's
skill that I couldn't quite regret having come along for the
ride. |
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| Link |
http://www.salon.com/books/sneaks
/1997/11/24review.html |
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| Author |
Pico Iyer |
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| Date |
November 3, 1997 |
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| Media |
Time Magazine |
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| Link |
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/
1997/dom/971103/abook.tales_of_the_.html |
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In their very different ways, each of the Big Three of modern
Japanese literature--Yukio Mishima, Yasunari Kawabata and Junichiro
Tanizaki--devoted himself to commemorating aspects of an older,
purer Japan they all felt would wither after their country's
defeat in World War II. That left their postwar successors,
most notably Haruki Murakami, to record the ghosts and vacant
lots of a land whose spirit seemed to have vanished, leaving
a soulless, synthetic wasteland of Dunkin' Donuts parlors, automated
fashion victims and cinder-block abortion clinics.
Murakami--a cool 48-year-old who once ran a jazz bar, has translated
John Irving, Truman Capote and Raymond Carver into Japanese
and recently taught at Princeton--has been perfectly positioned
to serve as the voice of hip, Westernized Japan. His Norwegian
Wood (note the Beatles reference) sold more than 2 million copies
around the globe. Yet none of his earlier books prepare one
for his massive new The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle (Knopf; 611 pages;
$25.95), which digs relentlessly into the buried secrets of
Japan's recent past to explain the weightless, desultory disconnections
of a virtual society where nothing feels real and nobody really
feels.
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Flowing easily through a series of hauntingly imagined passages,
the story is told by Toru Okada, a guy in his 30s, out of
a job, cheerfully bewildered and wandering around in a "yellow
Van Halen promotional T-shirt." One day, as he's cooking
spaghetti, his life suddenly falls through a rabbit hole of
sorts. Spooky strangers call up with cryptic messages, women
named Nutmeg and Malta enfold him in weird schemes, his wife
disappears, and another woman appears in her clothes and in
his bed. Reality plays like a TV program--but one showing
on a channel Toru doesn't get.
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As surreal life fades into waking dream (brilliantly translated
into the latest vernacular by Jay Rubin), Murakami delivers
a synoptic reading of all the ills of modern Japan, from crooked
real estate deals to two-dimensional media men to a wonderfully
true, Sprite-drinking 16-year-old girl who works in a rural
wig factory. And as Okada floats through his planless days,
he experiences every postmodern malady, from unwanted phone-sex
calls to--the ultimate heartbreak--an E-mail "conversation"
with his lost wife. These contemporary scenes of listlessness
and drift are thrown into the strongest relief by gripping,
graphic accounts of atrocities during the war. In Murakami's
terms, a world of intense jazz has given over to one of easy
listening.
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It does not require much reflection to reveal that almost
every image in the book's 600 pages--a dry well, a haunted
house, a faceless man, a dead-end street--stands in some way
for a hollowed-out Japan whose motto might be, "I don't
think, therefore I am." Again and again, characters say,
"I was like a walking corpse" or "I was now
a vacant house" or "I felt as if I had turned into
a bowl of cold porridge." Murakami's storytelling ease
and the pellucid, uncluttered backdrop he lays down allow
moments to flare up memorably. Yet the overall effect of his
grand but somewhat abstract novel is to give us X ray after
X ray into the benumbed soul of a wannabe Prozac Nation.
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| Link |
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/
1997/dom/971103/abook.tales_of_the_.html |
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| Author |
Phoebe-Lou Adams
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| Date |
November 1997 |
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| Media |
The Atlantic Online |
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| Link |
http://www.theatlantic.com/unbound/
aandc/brfrevs/brv9711.htm |
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Mr. Murakami's long and devious novel opens in a resolutely
mundane way, with the narrator cooking spaghetti. The significant
items in the ensuing phantasmagoria soon appear, however --
a dry well, a house abandoned because of a series of tragedies,
a so-called alley blocked at both ends, the statue of a bird
looking sadly unable to fly, and the unidentified wind-up bird
that creaks invisibly in a nearby tree. "Wind-up"
can mean either an end or a preparation for action. Whether
his target is Japan or the world, Mr. Murakami's work sums up
a bad century and envisions an uncertain future. His protagonist
is a harmless fellow who merely wants to recover his cat and
his wife. The troubles, real and delusional, that he encounters
can be seen as extravagant metaphors for every ill from personal
isolation to mass murder. The novel is a deliberately confusing,
illogical image of a confusing, illogical world. It is not easy
reading, but it is never less than absorbing.
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| Link |
http://www.theatlantic.com/unbound/
aandc/brfrevs/brv9711.htm |
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| Author |
Kevin Hunsanger |
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| Date |
October 29, 1997 |
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| Media |
The San Francisco Bay Guardian |
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| Link |
http://www.sfbg.com/lit/reviews/cat.html |
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Where's the Cat? |
FICTION READERS in the United States
may not be familiar with Japan's best-selling modern novelist,
Haruki Murakami, the author of six previous novels and one collection
of short stories. Murakami has translated the works of some
of our greatest writers -- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Truman Capote,
and Raymond Carver -- into his native language, and in Japan
he enjoys near similar status and fame. He has been awarded
the coveted Tanizaki Prize for literary excellence, and his
novels regularly sell millions of copies. He has an original
and literary vision so strong that he is widely regarded as
the voice of his generation. With the release of his latest
work, The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, readers in the West may begin
to take more notice of this amazing talent.
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The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle kicks off with a pot of spaghetti
in danger of boiling over while our out-of-work protagonist,
Okada, gets rid of an uncanny obscene phone call just before
his wife, Kumiko, calls to assign him the task of locating their
missing cat, Norboru Wataya, who is named after her politically
important brother. The runaway kitty launches the story, and
nearly every other aspect of the scene serves as a motif throughout
the novel. Murakami loves his motifs -- his earlier work teems
with such distinctive elements as earlobes and paper clips.
In The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, keep your eye on toupees and
empty wells. Seemingly random objects take on critical status
in a Murakami novel, and vital clues to metaphysical quandaries
are often hidden behind apparently innocent facades.
Themes abound in The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, but the work
is mainly fueled by chance and destiny. Throughout the novel,
scenarios present themselves to Okada, situations that shift
the path of his tale. As characters enter his life, they pull
him into their world -- literally. He becomes a tourist within
shifting interior landscapes, and through multiple eyes, Okada's
dreamlike search for identity in the midst of chaos is revealed.
The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle uses various narrative digressions
to grow into a historical panorama, and Okada's presence becomes
an integral link, connecting all characters and chronicles.
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Okada's search for the lost cat quickly introduces him to the
novel's cast of characters, each one of whom leads him deeper
into the intersecting labyrinth. May Kasahara, his 16-year-old
neighbor, interjects a Lolita factor, while two psychics, Creta
and Malta Kano, co-opt Okada's dreams. Lieutenant Mamiya delivers
an unexpected inheritance to Okada, and recounts a fascinating
wartime tale of espionage. Lt. Mamiya opens Okada to the forces
of fate, saying, "A person's destiny is something you look
back at after it's past, not something you see in advance."
An occurrence in Lt. Mamiya's past involves torturous time spent
at the bottom of an empty well, an experience that, as so often
happens in the novel, Okada's own destiny comes to parallel.
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At the bottom of an empty well, Okada becomes marked by a blue
patch that appears on his face. The mark is recognized by Nutmeg
Akasako as similar to the one her father bore. Nutmeg adopts
Okada's crumbling spirit, channeling his metaphysical openness
into acts of spiritual prostitution. Nutmeg operates a discreet
"healing center," and Okada quickly becomes her number-one
asset. At the center, Okada enters the mindful soul of the clients,
alleviating all their desires. Doing so expands Okada's ever
widening circle of spiritual synchronicity.
From the bottom of his well Okada meditates on the nature
of his predicament:
Nutmeg's father and I were joined by the mark on our cheeks....
He and Lt. Mamiya were joined by the city of Hsin-ching....
Mamiya and I by our respective wells -- his in Mongolia, mine
on the property where I was sitting now. All of these were
linked as in a circle, at the center of which stood prewar
Manchuria, continental East Asia, and the short war of 1939
in Nomonhan. But why Kumiko and I should have been drawn into
this historical chain of cause and effect I could not comprehend.
All of these events had occurred long before Kumiko and I
were born.
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This conundrum is the nucleus around which The Wind-Up Bird
Chronicle spins, and with every rotation, Murakami pulls the
reader deeper into a world where everything is connected but
nothing ever fits flush. By the end of the novel this world
emerges as a remarkable one indeed, and one in which many questions
don't require answers; the process of questioning is reward
enough. Drat that cat. |
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| Link |
http://www.sfbg.com/lit/reviews/cat.html |
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